Flange
Reducer
Tee & Cross
Elbow
Fitting and Flange
A fitting or a flange is a type of connection used to join two or more pipes. Each of the pipes must be equipped with a flange, or raised ridge that runs around the pipe's outside perimeter. Installers connect the two flanges via compression using bolts, clamps, or other fasteners. Different types of flange and fittings can be distinguished by their function or design.
Flanged fittings may have a variety of profiles, depending on how they will be used. Elbow fittings feature a curved design to join two pipes at an angle, with a flange at either end for a more secure connection. A tee-shaped flanged fitting joins two pipes in a single run with another pipe running perpendicular, while a Y-fitting joins three pipes running at three angles. Some flanged fittings may even feature a four-way or cross-shaped design to accommodate four separate pipes.